What is this job like?

Agricultural and food scientists study farm crops and animals. They solve problems in agriculture and food production. These may include finding ways to help farms use less labor and conserve soil and water, or how to control pests and weeds. They use the principles of biology, chemistry, and other sciences. They find new ways of making crops into food. Many work in research and development. They may work for businesses, individuals, or the government.

Food scientists and technologists work in the food processing industry. Some work in universities and some work in government. They try to create food products that are healthy, safe, tasty, and easy to use. They find better ways to preserve, process, package, store, and deliver foods. Some food scientists discover new foods. Others analyze foods to see how much fat, sugar, or protein is in them. Others search for better food additives.

Plant scientists can specialize in agronomy, which is a branch of science that deals with the production of field crops. Some work in plant breeding. Others work in entomology (the study of insects). Agronomists and crop scientists help farmers grow more food for more people while preserving our natural resources. They look for ways to improve the nutrition in foods. They also work on making better seeds and ways to remove pests.

Soil scientists study how soils help plants grow. They see how things like fertilizer can improve soils. Many soil scientists conduct soil surveys. They classify and map soils. Some provide information and advice to farmers to help them make the best use of their land.

Animal scientists work to develop better ways of making meat, poultry, eggs, and milk. Some animal scientists inspect and grade food products. Animal scientists also work as consultants to advise farmers and ranchers on how to best raise the most livestock.

Some agricultural scientists work regular hours in offices. Some work in labs. Food scientists may work in test kitchens. Animal scientists may spend part of their time outdoors. Soil and crop scientists also spend time outdoors. They might do work at farms or agricultural research stations. Entomologists work in laboratories. They also may spend time studying bugs outdoors.